Analyses

Discriminant analysis

Predict which group a person is in from several numeric scores.

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When to use it

Use discriminant analysis when the outcome is a group and the predictors are numeric. For example: can recall and confidence tell lecture students from workshop students? Logistic regression answers a similar question for two groups. Discriminant analysis reports a function, group centroids, and a classification table.

Assumptions

Predictors are numeric. The groups have similar covariance. Tensr does not test that. With two groups there is one discriminant function.

Running it in Tensr

Analyze → Classify → Discriminant. In chat: “Discriminant analysis of method from recall and confidence.”
Group column is the category. Columns are the numeric predictors. At least one predictor is required.

Options

Prop

Type

Reading the output

Teaching method predicted from exam score and study hours. The groups overlap, so classification should be better than chance and well short of perfect.

GroupLD1LD2
Lecture-0.4380.082
Online0.008-0.168
Workshop0.4290.087
FunctionsWilks' λχ²dfp-value
1 through 20.87612.444.014
20.9861.3231.250

Linear discriminant analysis of method using 2 predictor(s). Linear discriminant analysis of method using 2 predictor(s). Metrics: Classification accuracy = 44.8%; Groups = 3; Cases = 96; Chance accuracy = 33.3%.

Reporting (APA 7)

Linear discriminant analysis of method using 2 predictor(s). Report the estimate in the table. This procedure is not summarised by one p-value.

Coming from SPSS

Analyze → Classify → Discriminant.

SPSS prints eigenvalues, Wilks’ lambda, standardized coefficients, and a classification table. Tensr prints centroids, Wilks’ lambda, the classification counts, and the coefficients.

A yes-or-no outcome with odds ratios is logistic regression. Several outcomes at once, rather than a group, is MANOVA.